The Development History of Addis Ababa – The Capital of Africa

                                             Written by wubishet zewdu

Addis Ababa, which means "New Flower" in Amharic, is not just the capital of Ethiopia—it is also one of the most important political and cultural centers in Africa. From a humble beginning to a bustling metropolis, Addis Ababa has a unique story of growth, struggle, and vision.

                  .* The Founding of Addis Ababa (1886)

Addis Ababa was founded in 1886 by Empress Taytu Betul, the wife of Emperor Menelik II. Before that, the capital had been moved several times. Taytu liked the hot springs in the area of Filwoha, and the royal camp was set up there. Over time, it grew into a city and was officially declared the capital.

 Fun Fact: Addis Ababa is one of the few African cities not colonized by a European power!

                 *. Early Modernization (1890s – 1930s)

Emperor Menelik II initiated the first wave of modernization:Built roads and bridges.Introduced telephone and postal services. Opened schools and hospitals.Launched the Addis Ababa–Djibouti railway in the 1910s.

This connected Ethiopia to the world, especially the Red Sea port of Djibouti.

               * Post-Liberation Growth (1941–1974)

After Emperor Haile Selassie returned to power in 1941, Addis Ababa entered a new era:

Expansion of schools and universities (including Addis Ababa University). Construction of National Theatre, Africa Hall, and Stadiums.

Became home to the Organization of African Unity (OAU) in 1963, now African Union (AU).

         Addis earned the name "Capital of Africa" due to its diplomatic importance.

                          The Derg Era (1974–1991)

During the military regime of Derg, Addis Ababa faced:

                    Political unrest and tension.

                    Limited infrastructure expansion.

However, mass housing projects and education expansion continued.

Statues and monuments such as the "Derg Monument" were erected.

                 

     Modern Development (1991–Present)

With the fall of the Derg and the rise of the Federal Democratic Republic, Addis Ababa experienced rapid modernization:

Construction of high-rise buildings, malls, and hotels. Launch of Addis Ababa Light Rail Transit (first in Sub-Saharan Africa). Expansion of Bole International Airport. Growth of technology hubs and smart city projects. Increase in real estate and urban housing.

           Today’s Addis Ababa

Population: Over 7million people. Known for: Cultural diversity, traditional music, coffee culture, and diplomatic missions. Symbol of: Resilience, African identity, and Ethiopian pride.